What’s the Difference Between Gouache and Acrylic Paint? Which is Better?

Whether you’re a seasoned artist with years of experience or a newbie interested in exploring the world of painting, you might be wondering what is the difference between gouache and acrylic paint. Neither medium is necessarily better than the other, as they both have their strengths and weaknesses. 

Both mediums are extremely popular, water-based paints, and they are common among hobbyists and professionals alike. Even though they have a lot in common, these two types of paints have many differences in terms of finish, consistency, application, and more. 

We’ll go over the key differences, along with the pros and cons of each. Plus, you’ll know exactly which one to go with for your next project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• What is Gouache Paint?
• What Surfaces Can You Use Gouache Paint On?
• Pros & Cons of Gouache Paint
• Tips for Working with Gouache Paint
• What is Acrylic Paint?
• How is Acrylic Paint Different to Gouache Paint?
• Pros & Cons of Acrylic Paint
• Tips for Working with Acrylic Paint
• Frequently Asked Questions
  • Is gouache or acrylic better for beginners?
  • Do professional artists use gouache?
  • Is gouache or acrylic paint more eco-friendly?
• Gouache vs Acrylic – Which is the Best Option for Your Next Project?

What is Gouache Paint?

Gouache paint is a combination of color pigments, water, and a binding agent called gum arabic. This binder is the same one used in watercolor paints, which allows gouache paint to be water soluble even after it dries.

You can look at water solubility one of two ways – it can be advantageous if you like to make changes after your painting has already dried, or it can be limiting if you want your final piece to be water-resistant, durable, and long-lasting. 

In terms of finish, texture, and consistency, gouache paint is essentially a unique combination of acrylic and watercolor paints. Like watercolors, this paint must be mixed with water for application, although it doesn’t have the same translucent appearance, and it blends easily.

Rather, it dries quickly and leaves an opaque, matte finish with a smooth texture. It has a tendency to crack if painted on too thickly. Regardless, gouache paint typically looks flat and slightly less vibrant than acrylics while still being more vibrant than watercolors. 

What Surfaces Can You Use Gouache Paint On?

Gouache paint is great for use on paper, watercolor canvas, or illustration boards. It won’t bind very well to other materials such as fabric, plastic, metal, or glass, limiting its overall use and application.

Plus, it is slightly more expensive than other mediums, but it is all natural and easy for beginners. 

If you’re just starting out with gouache paint, using paper is the best option for practicing. You won’t find any specific “gouache paper”. You have two choices: watercolor paper or mixed media paper. Both work well, but my personal favourite is the Strathmore Mixed Media Vellum Paper Pad – it’s thick, smooth, bright white paper and it won’t break the bank.

Watercolor paper is also a great option for gouache – like this one by Winsor & Newton. Just make you choose a paper with a GSM of at least 300 (or weight 140lb), so it doesn’t warp if you apply lots of water with your gouache paint.

– Pros & Cons of Gouache Paint –

Tips for Working With Gouache Paint

Interested in working with gouache paints for the first time?

Follow these tips and tricks for best results:

• Apply in Thin Layers – Gouache paints have a tendency to crack if they are applied in thick layers. Avoid this problem entirely by using thin layers. It isn’t really made to build textures, so you shouldn’t need to apply too many layers to get a desirable effect. 

• Go Slow – This type of paint allows for constant modification, so there’s no need to speed through the painting process. Work slowly and take your time applying layer on top of layer for the best effect. Also, try working with light colors first and then finishing with dark colors. You can always paint something dark over something light, but it will be more difficult to do the opposite. 

• Frame Your Final Piece – In order to protect your final painting from water, dust, or other hazards, consider framing your final piece. This will protect the surface of the painting from becoming scuffed, dirty, or accidentally reactivated by water.

What is Acrylic Paint?

Like gouache paints, acrylic paints are water-based. However, unlike gouache, acrylics are water-resistant when dried. They are made from pigment suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion and plasticizers, silicone oils, defoamers, stabilizers, or metal soaps. Some acrylic paints are slightly toxic, and care should be taken when using and disposing of these materials.

How is Acrylic Paint Different to Gouache Paint?

Acrylic paint has a much brighter, bolder appearance than gouache paint. It has a shiny finish with a more opaque and vibrant appearance. It can be applied in thick layers, without fear of cracking, and can easily be blended or texturized, so long as you work quickly to avoid letting the paint dry too much.

Acrylics dry quickly, like gouache, but they are much more durable and long-lasting. You won’t have to worry as much about water, dust, or UV light damaging your final piece. However, once it’s dried, you won’t be able to add water and make more changes like you could with gouache. 

What Surfaces Can You Use Acrylic Paint On?

Because of its durability and bold appearance, acrylic paint can be used on almost any material with ease. From wood and glass to fabric and canvas, this versatile and adaptable medium can be applied to almost any type of project.

Acrylics are not the cheapest medium, but they are typically less expensive than gouache paints. 

– Pros & Cons of Acrylic Paint –

Tips for Working with Acrylic Paint

• Prime Your Surface – Acrylics work best on a primed canvas. Some canvases come pre-primed, but if you purchase a bare canvas, be sure to take a few extra minutes to apply a layer of primer. Your finished painting will thank you. 

• Clean Your Brushes After Each Use – Acrylic paint is very easy to clean off of your brushes; however, if you allow it to dry and harden, it becomes nearly impossible to remove completely. So, get in the habit of cleaning your brushes immediately after each use. It will save you time and money in the long run. 

• Use Synthetic Paint Brushes – Synthetic brushes are best for acrylic paint because they’re durable and resistant enough to withstand the chemicals in acrylic paint. Plus, they aren’t too stiff or too soft, making them ideal for painting with acrylics. Here’s an affordable set on Amazon.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is gouache or acrylic better for beginners?

Both mediums are great for beginners. While gouache is slightly more expensive, it is very forgiving because it allows for modification even after drying, whereas acrylic paints can only be modified by painting over which can be difficult.

However, acrylic paint is fairly simple to use and requires little skill or technique to create an optimal finished product. 

Do professional artists use gouache?

Yes! Professional artists use gouache and acrylic paints. Both are very popular among hobbyists and professionals alike. 

Is gouache or acrylic paint more eco-friendly?

While both are considered non-toxic, gouache paint is typically made with completely non-toxic binders and no plastics, making it the most eco-friendly.

When using acrylics, you should take care when disposing of your excess paint water as it can contain plastics that are harmful to the environment.

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